Bird shit

• Contour feathers
• Retrices- tail- long symmetrical- thrust and lift
• Remiges- wing feather flat side and a curved side
• Body feathers- give bird shape and color
• Parts of a feather aka vane or blade
• Calamus- quill that connects to the bird
• Rachis- central part of feather
• Barbs come off of the rachis
• Rarbules come off of the barbs
• Hooklets- allow bubules to attatch to one another
• Moulting/ molting
• Not all at once
• Symettrical
• Starts at a focal point on wings or tails
• Pterylae- An area on the skin of a bird from which feathers grow.

Feet

• Anisodactyl- 3 toes in front 1 in back- poerching birds
• Zygodactyl- 2 toes in front 2 toes in back- woodpeckers
• Raprotial- claws predators
• Semipalmate- slightly webbed
• Totipalmate- all 4 toes fully webbed
• Palmate- front 3 toes webbed
• Lobate/lobed- lobed feet for swimming

• Who sings?, why?, and how?
• Males
• Mating purposes
• Territorial purposes
• Communication
• How- vibrating syrinx (with air) , or vocal chords, which are part of the respiratory system
• Dichromatic birds
• Male and female differ in color
• Ex: cardinal- male very red, female brown
• Dimorphic- differ in size or physical appearance
• Precocical birds v. altricial birds
• Precocical- mature and mobile at birth- water birds
• As soon as they are born they can swim
• Atricial
• Not mature and mobile at birth
• Need a lot of care
• Song birds
• Birds eyes cant move
• Diving v. dabbler
• Diving ducks have totipalmate webbing
• Dive towards bottom
• Dabbling ducks have palmate webbing
• Flip over in the water with feet in air to eat